add files

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+# Brainfuck implementations
+
+Implementations of Brainfuck for practicing and trying out different languages.
+
+The Brainfuck benchmarking programs are taken from
+[kostya/benchmarks](https://github.com/kostya/benchmarks). More language
+comparisons available there.
+

bench_results.md

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+Processor: Intel i5-5200U (2.2GHz/2.7GHz turbo)
+
+# bf.py, very naive
+
+## bench.b
+real    14m8.526s
+user    14m8.542s
+sys     0m0.010s
+
+## mandel.b
+real    209m11.773s
+user    209m11.755s
+sys     0m0.374s
+
+
+# bf2.py, non-slot
+
+## bench.b
+real    10m21.137s
+user    10m21.162s
+sys     0m0.010s
+
+## mandel.b
+real    103m31.439s
+user    103m30.069s
+sys     0m0.813s
+
+
+# bf2.py, slotted
+
+## bench.b
+real    9m10.573s
+user    9m10.418s
+sys     0m0.127s
+
+# mandel.b
+real    93m11.907s
+user    93m10.734s
+sys     0m0.673s
+
+
+# pypy3 bf2.py, slotted
+
+## bench.b
+real    0m29.793s
+user    0m29.759s
+sys     0m0.033s
+
+## mandel.b
+real    2m36.409s
+user    2m36.338s
+sys     0m0.063s

bf.py

@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+import collections
+import ctypes
+import re
+import sys
+
+
+class Mixin:
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return self.value + other
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        return self.value - other
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        return self.value + other
+
+    def __rsub__(self, other):
+        return self.value - other
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        self.value += other
+        return self
+
+    def __isub__(self, other):
+        self.value -= other
+        return self
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.value == other
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.value)
+
+
+class Byte(Mixin, ctypes.c_byte):
+    pass
+
+
+class UByte(Mixin, ctypes.c_ubyte):
+    pass
+
+Int = lambda x: x
+
+TYPE = Byte
+
+
+class Machine:
+    def __init__(self, program):
+        self.program = program
+        cells = {}
+        self.cells = collections.defaultdict(lambda: TYPE(0), cells)
+        self.data_pointer = TYPE(0)
+        self.instruction_pointer = 0
+
+        self.command_map = {
+                '>': self.increment_data_pointer,
+                '<': self.decrement_data_pointer,
+                '+': self.increment_cell,
+                '-': self.decrement_cell,
+                '.': self.print_cell,
+                ',': self.set_cell,
+                '[': self.loop_start,
+                ']': self.loop_end
+                }
+
+    def increment_data_pointer(self):
+        self.data_pointer += 1
+
+    def decrement_data_pointer(self):
+        self.data_pointer -= 1
+
+    def increment_cell(self):
+        self.cells[self.data_pointer] += 1
+
+    def decrement_cell(self):
+        self.cells[self.data_pointer] -= 1
+
+    def print_cell(self):
+        print(chr(self.cells[self.data_pointer]), end='')
+
+    def set_cell(self):
+        self.cells[self.data_pointer] = TYPE(ord(input('=> ')))
+
+    def loop_start(self):
+        if self.cells[self.data_pointer] == 0:
+            loop_starts = 0
+            self.instruction_pointer += 1
+            instruction = self.program[self.instruction_pointer]
+            while loop_starts > 0 or instruction != ']':
+                if instruction == '[':
+                    loop_starts += 1
+                if instruction == ']':
+                    loop_starts -= 1
+                self.instruction_pointer += 1
+                instruction = self.program[self.instruction_pointer]
+
+    def loop_end(self):
+        if self.cells[self.data_pointer] != 0:
+            loop_ends = 0
+            self.instruction_pointer -= 1
+            instruction = self.program[self.instruction_pointer]
+            while loop_ends > 0 or instruction != '[':
+                if instruction == ']':
+                    loop_ends += 1
+                if instruction == '[':
+                    loop_ends -= 1
+                self.instruction_pointer -= 1
+                instruction = self.program[self.instruction_pointer]
+
+    def run(self):
+        while self.instruction_pointer < len(self.program):
+            self.command_map[self.program[self.instruction_pointer]]()
+            self.instruction_pointer += 1
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    with open(sys.argv[1], 'r') as f:
+        program = re.findall(f"[{re.escape('<>+-.,[]')}]", f.read())
+
+    machine = Machine(program)
+    machine.run()
+    print("\nExiting...")

bf2.py

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python3
+import collections
+import ctypes
+import re
+import sys
+
+
+class Mixin:
+    """Mixin for allowing addition, subtraction, and hashing.
+
+    ctypes.c_* has add/sub, but only via <type>.value. To make switching
+    between builtin int and ctypes easy, we add it to the object itself.
+    They are also not hashable, which is needed for
+    collections.defaultdict().
+    """
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        return self.value + other
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        return self.value + other
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        self.value += other
+        return self
+
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        return self.value - other
+
+    def __rsub__(self, other):
+        return self.value - other
+
+    def __isub__(self, other):
+        self.value -= other
+        return self
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        return self.value == other
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash(self.value)
+
+
+class Byte(Mixin, ctypes.c_byte):
+    pass
+
+
+class UByte(Mixin, ctypes.c_ubyte):
+    pass
+
+
+# Make int callable, syntax-wise works like initializing the ctypes.
+Int = lambda x: x
+
+
+# Set to Byte, UByte, or int.
+TYPE = Int
+
+
+class State:
+    # Slots increase performance with the drawback of not being able to
+    # add attributes later, which we do not.
+    __slots__ = ('cells', 'data_pointer', 'instruction_pointer')
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # Cells default to 0.
+        self.cells = collections.defaultdict(lambda: TYPE(0), {})
+        self.data_pointer = TYPE(0)
+        self.instruction_pointer = 0
+
+
+class Token:
+    def __init__(self, instruction_num, state):
+        self.instruction_num = instruction_num
+        self.state = state
+
+    def exec(self):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.instruction_num}: {self.__class__.__name__}"
+
+
+class IncDataPointer(Token):
+    def exec(self):
+        self.state.data_pointer += 1
+
+
+class DecDataPointer(Token):
+    def exec(self):
+        self.state.data_pointer -= 1
+
+
+class IncCell(Token):
+    def exec(self):
+        self.state.cells[self.state.data_pointer] += 1
+
+
+class DecCell(Token):
+    def exec(self):
+        self.state.cells[self.state.data_pointer] -= 1
+
+
+class PrintCell(Token):
+    # Could make Int a real class and add a .value, but I like this hack.
+    if TYPE is Int:
+        def exec(self):
+            print(chr(self.state.cells[self.state.data_pointer]), end='')
+    else:
+        def exec(self):
+            print(chr(self.state.cells[self.state.data_pointer].value), end='')
+
+
+class SetCell(Token):
+    def exec(self):
+        self.state.cells[self.state.data_pointer] = ord(input('=> '))
+
+
+class Loop(Token):
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.other = None
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return f"{self.instruction_num}: {self.__class__.__name__}, other: {self.other.instruction_num}"
+
+
+class LoopStart(Loop):
+    def exec(self):
+        if self.state.cells[self.state.data_pointer] == 0:
+            self.state.instruction_pointer = self.other.instruction_num
+
+
+class LoopEnd(Loop):
+    def exec(self):
+        if self.state.cells[self.state.data_pointer] != 0:
+            self.state.instruction_pointer = self.other.instruction_num
+
+
+def parse(program, state):
+    token_map = {
+            '>': IncDataPointer,
+            '<': DecDataPointer,
+            '+': IncCell,
+            '-': DecCell,
+            '.': PrintCell,
+            ',': SetCell,
+            '[': LoopStart,
+            ']': LoopEnd
+            }
+
+    token_list = []
+    loops = []
+
+    for instruction_num, char in enumerate(program):
+        token = token_map[char](instruction_num, state)
+        token_list.append(token)
+
+        if char == '[':
+            loops.append(token)
+
+        elif char == ']':
+            loop_start = loops.pop()
+            loop_start.other = token
+            token.other = loop_start
+
+    return token_list
+
+
+def run(state, token_list):
+    while state.instruction_pointer < len(token_list):
+        token_list[state.instruction_pointer].exec()
+        state.instruction_pointer += 1
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+        with open(sys.argv[1], 'r') as f:
+            data = f.read()
+    else:
+        data = sys.stdin.read()
+
+    program = re.findall(f"[{re.escape('<>+-.,[]')}]", data)
+
+    state = State()
+    token_list = parse(program, state)
+
+    run(state, token_list)
+
+    print("\nExiting...")

brainfuck/bench.b

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+ Benchmark brainf*ck program
+>++[<+++++++++++++>-]<[[>+>+<<-]>[<+>-]++++++++
+[>++++++++<-]>.[-]<<>++++++++++[>++++++++++[>++
+++++++++[>++++++++++[>++++++++++[>++++++++++[>+
++++++++++[-]<-]<-]<-]<-]<-]<-]<-]++++++++++.
+

brainfuck/mandel.b

@@ -0,0 +1,145 @@
+      A mandelbrot set fractal viewer in brainf*** written by Erik Bosman
++++++++++++++[->++>>>+++++>++>+<<<<<<]>>>>>++++++>--->>>>>>>>>>+++++++++++++++[[
+>>>>>>>>>]+[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>-]+[>>>>>>>>[-]>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>[-]+
+<<<<<<<+++++[-[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>]>>>>>>>+>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
+>+<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-]+[>>>>>>[>>>>>>>[-]>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>
+>>>>>[-]+<<<<<<++++[-[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>]>>>>>>+<<<<<<+++++++[-[->>>
+>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>]>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[[-]>>>>>>[>>>>>
+>>[-<<<<<<+>>>>>>]<<<<<<[->>>>>>+<<+<<<+<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>
+[>>>>>>>>[-<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<[->>>>>>>+<<+<<<+<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<
+<<]>>>>>>>[-<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<[->>>>>>>+<<+<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>+++++++++++++++[[
+>>>>>>>>>]+>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>-]+[
+>+>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>->>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<<[->>[
+-<<+>>]<<[->>+>>+<<<<]+>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<
+<<[>[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<<<<<<<<<<]>[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<+>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<
+[>[-]<->>>>[-<<<<+>[<->-<<<<<<+>>>>>>]<[->+<]>>>>]<<<[->>>+<<<]<+<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>
+>>>>[>+>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>->>>>>[-<<<<<+>>>>>]<<<<<[->>>>>+
+<<<<<<[->>>[-<<<+>>>]<<<[->>>+>+<<<<]+>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]]>>>>>>>>>[>>
+>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[>>[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<<<<<<<<<<<]>>[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<<
++>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[>[-]<->>>>[-<<<<+>[<->-<<<<<<+>>>>>>]<[->+<]>>>>]<<<[->>>+<<
+<]<+<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>[-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>>>
+>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>]>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>+++++++++++++++[[>>>>
+>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<-<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>-]+>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>+<<<[<<<<<<
+<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>>>[-<<<->>>]+<<<[->>>->[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<
+<<<<]>>>>[-]+>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]>+<]]+>>>>[-<<<<->>>>]+<<<<[->>>>-<[-<<<+>>>]<<<[->
+>>+<<<<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-]+>>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]>[-]+<]]+>[-<[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<
+<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]<<<<<<<[->+>>>-<<<<]>>>>>>>>>+++++++++++++++++++
++++++++>>[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+<<[-]<<]>>[<<<<<<<+<[-<+>>>>+<<[-]]>[-<<[->+>>>-
+<<<<]>>>]>>>>>>>>>>>>>[>>[-]>[-]>[-]>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-]>>>>>>[>>>>>
+[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+<<<+<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>>[-<<<<<<<<
+<+>>>>>>>>>]>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>+++++++++++++++[[>>>>>>>>>]+>[-
+]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>-]+[>+>>>>>>>>]<<<
+<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>->>>>>[-<<<<<+>>>>>]<<<<<[->>>>>+<<<<<<[->>[-<<+>>]<
+<[->>+>+<<<]+>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[>[->>>>
+>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<<<<<<<<<<]>[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<+>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[>[-]<->>>
+[-<<<+>[<->-<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>]<[->+<]>>>]<<[->>+<<]<+<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>>[-<
+<<<<+>>>>>]<<<<<[->>>>>+<<<<+<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>+>>>>>>>>
+]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>->>>>>[-<<<<<+>>>>>]<<<<<[->>>>>+<<<<<<[->>[-<<+
+>>]<<[->>+>>+<<<<]+>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[>
+[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<<<<<<<<<<]>[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<+>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[>[-
+]<->>>>[-<<<<+>[<->-<<<<<<+>>>>>>]<[->+<]>>>>]<<<[->>>+<<<]<+<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>
+[>>>>[-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
+]>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>>>[-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>
+>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>]>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>++++++++
++++++++[[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<-<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>-]+[>>>>>>>>[-<<<<<<<+
+>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<[->>>>>>>+<<<<<<+<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>>[
+-]>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>+>[-<-<<<<+>>>>>]>[-<<<<<<[->>>>>+<++<<<<]>>>>>[-<
+<<<<+>>>>>]<->+>]<[->+<]<<<<<[->>>>>+<<<<<]>>>>>>[-]<<<<<<+>>>>[-<<<<->>>>]+<<<<
+[->>>>->>>>>[>>[-<<->>]+<<[->>->[-<<<+>>>]<<<[->>>+<<<<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-]
++>>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]>+<]]+>>>[-<<<->>>]+<<<[->>>-<[-<<+>>]<<[->>+<<<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<
+<<<<]>>>>[-]+>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]>[-]+<]]+>[-<[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<
+[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+>>>>>[>+>>[-<<->>]<<[->>+<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<
+<<<+<[>[->>>>>+<<<<[->>>>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>[->>>+<<<]<]>[->>>-<<<<<<<<<
+<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>]<<]>[->>>>+<<<[->>>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>]<]>[->>>+<<<]<<
+<<<<<<<<<<]>>>>[-]<<<<]>>>[-<<<+>>>]<<<[->>>+>>>>>>[>+>[-<->]<[->+<]>>>>>>>>]<<<
+<<<<<+<[>[->>>>>+<<<[->>>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>[->>>>+<<<<]>]<[->>>>-<<<<<<<
+<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>]<]>>[->>>+<<<<[->>>>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>]>]<[->>>>+<<<<
+]<<<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>+<<<<<<]]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<
+[>[->>>>>+<<<<[->>>>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>[->>>+<<<]<]>[->>>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
++>>>>>>>>>>>]<<]>[->>>>+<<<[->>>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>]<]>[->>>+<<<]<<<<<<<
+<<<<<]]>[-]>>[-]>[-]>>>>>[>>[-]>[-]>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>[-<
+<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+<<<+<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>+++++++++++++++[
+[>>>>>>>>>]+>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>-]+
+[>+>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>->>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<<[->>
+[-<<+>>]<<[->>+>+<<<]+>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<
+<[>[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<<<<<<<<<<]>[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<+>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[
+>[-]<->>>[-<<<+>[<->-<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>]<[->+<]>>>]<<[->>+<<]<+<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[
+>>>[-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>]>
+>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>[-]>>>>+++++++++++++++[[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<-<<<<<
+<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>-]+[>>>[-<<<->>>]+<<<[->>>->[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<<
+<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>[-]+>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]>+<]]+>>>>[-<<<<->>>>]+<<<<[->>>>-<[-
+<<<+>>>]<<<[->>>+<<<<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-]+>>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]>[-]+<]]+>[-<[>>
+>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-<<<+>>>]<<<[->>>+>>>>>>[>+>>>
+[-<<<->>>]<<<[->>>+<<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<+<[>[->+>[-<-<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>>[-<<
++>>]<]>[-<<-<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>>]<<<]>>[-<+>>[-<<-<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>>]<]>
+[-<<+>>]<<<<<<<<<<<<<]]>>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+>>>>>[>+>>[-<<->>]<<[->>+<<]>>
+>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<+<[>[->+>>[-<<-<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>[-<+>]>]<[-<-<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>
+>>>>>>>]<<]>>>[-<<+>[-<-<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>]>]<[-<+>]<<<<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>+<<<<<
+]>>>>>>>>>[>>>[-]>[-]>[-]>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-]>[-]>>>>>[>>>>>>>[-<<<<<
+<+>>>>>>]<<<<<<[->>>>>>+<<<<+<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>+>[-<-<<<<+>>>>
+>]>>[-<<<<<<<[->>>>>+<++<<<<]>>>>>[-<<<<<+>>>>>]<->+>>]<<[->>+<<]<<<<<[->>>>>+<<
+<<<]+>>>>[-<<<<->>>>]+<<<<[->>>>->>>>>[>>>[-<<<->>>]+<<<[->>>-<[-<<+>>]<<[->>+<<
+<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>[-]+>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]>+<]]+>>[-<<->>]+<<[->>->[-<<<+>>>]<
+<<[->>>+<<<<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-]+>>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]>[-]+<]]+>[-<[>>>>>>>>>]<
+<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-<<<+>>>]<<<[->>>+>>>>>>[>+>[-<->]<[->+
+<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<+<[>[->>>>+<<[->>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>[->>>+<<<]>]<[->>>-
+<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>]<]>>[->>+<<<[->>>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>]>]<[->>>+<<<
+]<<<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>[-]>>[-<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<[->>>>>>>+<<+<<<<<]]>>>>[-<<<<+>
+>>>]<<<<[->>>>+>>>>>[>+>>[-<<->>]<<[->>+<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<+<[>[->>>>+<<<[->>>-
+<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>[->>+<<]<]>[->>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>]<<]>[->>>+<<[
+->>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>]<]>[->>+<<]<<<<<<<<<<<<]]>>>>[-]<<<<]>>>>[-<<<<+>>
+>>]<<<<[->>>>+>[-]>>[-<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<[->>>>>>>+<<+<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>>
+>>>]<<<<<<<<<[>[->>>>+<<<[->>>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>[->>+<<]<]>[->>-<<<<<<<<
+<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>]<<]>[->>>+<<[->>-<<<<<<<<<<<<<+>>>>>>>>>>>]<]>[->>+<<]<<<<<<<<
+<<<<]]>>>>>>>>>[>>[-]>[-]>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>[-]>[-]>>>>>[>>>>>[-<<<<+
+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+<<<+<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>>[-<<<<<+>>>>>
+]<<<<<[->>>>>+<<<+<<]>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>+++++++++++++++[[>>>>
+>>>>>]+>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]>[-]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>-]+[>+>>
+>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>->>>>[-<<<<+>>>>]<<<<[->>>>+<<<<<[->>[-<<+
+>>]<<[->>+>>+<<<<]+>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]]>>>>>>>>>[>>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[>
+[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<<<<<<<<<<]>[->>>>>>>>>+<<<<<<<<<]<+>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[>[-
+]<->>>>[-<<<<+>[<->-<<<<<<+>>>>>>]<[->+<]>>>>]<<<[->>>+<<<]<+<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>
+[>+>>>>>>>>]<<<<<<<<<[<<<<<<<<<]>>>>>>>>>[>->>>>>[-<<<<<+>>>>>]<<<<<[->>>>>+<<<<
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